Soluciones basadas em la naturaleza para la adaptación al cambio climático: uma revisión sistemática de la evidencia, los desafíos y las perspectivas

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.19180/2177-4560.v20n22026p%25p

Palabras clave:

Soluciones Basadas En La Naturaleza, Adaptación Al Cambio Climático, Cambio Climático, Servicios Ecosistémicos, Resiliencia

Resumen

 Las Soluciones Basadas en la Naturaleza (SbN) se han consolidado como una estrategia eficaz para afrontar los impactos del cambio climático mediante la conservación, restauración y gestión sostenible de los ecosistemas. Este estudio realizó una revisión sistemática de la literatura para analizar las principales aplicaciones, beneficios, desafíos y perspectivas de las SbN para la adaptación al cambio climático. La revisión siguió las directrices de PRISMA 2020 e incluyó búsquedas en Scopus, Web of Science, ScienceDirect y Google Scholar. Tras aplicar los criterios de elegibilidad, se incluyeron 24 estudios en la síntesis cualitativa. Los resultados mostraron que las SbN fortalecen la resiliencia de los ecosistemas, conservan la biodiversidad, mejoran los servicios ecosistémicos, reducen la vulnerabilidad frente a eventos climáticos extremos y generan beneficios sociales y económicos. Los principales desafíos incluyen la gobernanza, la financiación, la falta de indicadores estandarizados y la escasez de estudios a largo plazo. Se concluye que las SbN representan una estrategia prometedora para la adaptación al cambio climático cuando cuentan con el apoyo de políticas públicas integradas, monitoreo continuo y participación social.

Descargas

Los datos de descarga aún no están disponibles.

Biografía del autor/a

  • Esther Rodrigues Alves dos Reis , Investigadora independiente
    Graduação em Ciências Biológicas-Bacharelado pela Universidade Estácio de Sá - Belo Horizonte.

Referencias

ANDRADE, A.; COHEN-SHACHAM, E.; DALTON, J. et al. IUCN Global Standard for Nature-based Solutions: First Edition. Gland: IUCN, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2020.08.en.

BENEDICT, M. A.; MCMAHON, E. T. Green Infrastructure: Linking Landscapes and Communities. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2006.

BROWN, Z.; KENDALL, K.; O’DONNELL, E.; TAVASI, L.; SEDDON, N. Nature-based solutions for climate adaptation in small island developing states: a systematic review. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 2026. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fenvs.2025.1706713.

CHAUSSON, A.; TURNER, B.; SEDDON, D.; CHABANEIX, N. et al. Mapping the effectiveness of nature-based solutions for climate change adaptation. Global Change Biology, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/gcb.15310.

COHEN-SHACHAM, E.; WALTERS, G.; MAGINNIS, S.; JANZEN, C. Nature-based Solutions to Address Global Societal Challenges. Gland: IUCN, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.CH.2016.13.en.

DEMUZERE, M.; ORRU, K.; HEIDRICH, O. et al. Mitigating and adapting to climate change: Multi-functional and multi-scale assessment of green urban infrastructure. Journal of Environmental Management, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2014.07.025.

EGGERMONT, H.; BALIAN, E.; AZEVEDO, J. M. N. et al. Nature-based Solutions: New Influence for Environmental Management and Research in Europe. GAIA – Ecological Perspectives for Science and Society, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14512/gaia.24.4.9.

FAIVRE, N.; FRITZ, M.; FREITAS, T.; DE BOISSEZON, B.; VANDEWOESTIJNE, S. Nature-Based Solutions in the EU. Environmental Research, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.08.032.

FRANTZESKAKI, N. Seven lessons for planning nature-based solutions in cities. Environmental Science & Policy, 2019. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2018.12.033.

GENELETTI, D.; ZARDO, L. Ecosystem-based adaptation in cities: Na analysis of European urban climate adaptation plans. Land Use Policy, 2016. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2015.09.003.

GRISCOM, B. W. et al. Natural climate solutions. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1710465114.

HANSEN, R.; PAULEIT, S. From multifunctionality to multiple ecosystem services? A conceptual framework for multifunctional green infrastructure planning. Ambio, 2014. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13280-014-0510-2.

IPBES. Summary for Policymakers of the Global Assessment Report on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services. Bonn: IPBES, 2019.

JOHNSON, B. A.; KUMAR, P.; OKANO, N. et al. Nature-based solutions for climate change adaptation: A systematic review of systematic reviews. Nature-Based Solutions, 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbsj.2022.100042.

KABISCH, N.; KORN, H.; STADLER, J.; BONN, A. Nature-Based Solutions to Climate Change Adaptation in Urban Areas. Cham: Springer, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56091-5_1.

KRULL, W.; BERRY, P.; BAUDUCEAU, N. et al. Towards na EU Research and Innovation Policy Agenda for Nature-Based Solutions & Re-Naturing Cities. Luxembourg: Publications Office of the European Union, 2015. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2777/765301.

NARAYAN, S.; BECK, M. W.; WILSON, P. et al. The value of coastal wetlands for flood damage reduction in the northeastern USA. Scientific Reports, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-09269-z.

NESSHÖVER, C.; ASSMUTH, T.; IRVINE, K. N. et al. The science, policy and practice of nature-based solutions: An interdisciplinary perspective. Science of the Total Environment, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71.

PAGE, M. J.; MCKENZIE, J. E.; BOSSUYT, P. M. et al. The PRISMA 2020 statement: An updated guideline for reporting systematic reviews. BMJ, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n71.

RAYMOND, C. M.; FRANTZESKAKI, N.; KABISCH, N. et al. A framework for assessing and implementing the co-benefits of nature-based solutions in urban areas. Environmental Science & Policy, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2017.07.008.

REID, W. V.; MOONEY, H. A.; CROPPER, A. et al. Millennium Ecosystem Assessment: Ecosystems and Human Well-being: Synthesis. Washington, DC: Island Press, 2005. Disponível em: https://www.millenniumassessment.org/documents/document.353.aspx.pdf. Acesso em: 16 jul. 2026.

SCARANO, F. R. Ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change: Concept, scalability and a role for conservation science. Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation, 2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecon.2017.05.003.

SEDDON, N.; CHAUSSON, A.; BERRY, P. et al. Understanding the value and limits of nature-based solutions to climate change and other global challenges. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0120.

SEDDON, N.; DANIELS, E.; DAVIS, R. et al. Global recognition of the importance of nature-based solutions to the impacts of climate change. Global Sustainability, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/sus.2020.8.

UNEP. Adaptation Gap Report. 2020. Disponível em: https://www.unep.org/resources/adaptation-gap-report-2020

UNEP. Adaptation Gap Report. 2021. Disponível em: https://www.unep.org/resources/adaptation-gap-report-2021

UNEP. Adaptation Gap Report. 2022. Disponível em: https://www.unep.org/resources/adaptation-gap-report-2022

UNEP. Adaptation Gap Report. 2023. Disponível em: https://www.unep.org/resources/adaptation-gap-report-2023

UNEP. Adaptation Gap Report. 2024. Disponível em: https://www.unep.org/resources/adaptation-gap-report-2024

UNEP. Adaptation Gap Report. 2025. Disponível em: https://www.unep.org/resources/adaptation-gap-report-2025

VIGNOLA, R.; LOCATELLI, B.; MARTÍNEZ-ALONSO, C.; IMBACH, P. Ecosystem-based adaptation to climate change. Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change, 2009. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11027-009-9193-6.

VILLAMAYOR-TOMAS, S.; BISARO, A.; MOULL, K. et al. Developing countries can adapt to climate change effectively using nature-based solutions. Communications Earth & Environment, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s43247-024-01356-0.

Publicado

10-11-2026

Cómo citar

Soluciones basadas em la naturaleza para la adaptación al cambio climático: uma revisión sistemática de la evidencia, los desafíos y las perspectivas. Boletim do Observatório Ambiental Alberto Ribeiro Lamego, [S. l.], v. 20, n. 2, p. 118–141, 2026. DOI: 10.19180/2177-4560.v20n22026p%p. Disponível em: https://editoraessentia.iff.edu.br/index.php/boletim/article/view/23748.. Acesso em: 11 nov. 2026.