Caracterização fisiológica de sorgo sacarino em diferentes intensidades de irrigação

Luciano Rezende Moreira; Jardélcio Damião Carvalho Ervilha; Paulo Henrique Coutinho; Juliana Gonçalves Vidigal; Juares Ogliari; Glauco Vieira Miranda; Lucas Felisberto Pereira

doi:10.5935/1809-2667.20130017

Authors

Luciano Rezende Moreira Instituto Federal Fluminense
Jardélcio Damião Carvalho Ervilha
Paulo Henrique Coutinho
Juliana Gonçalves Vidigal Instituto Federal Fluminense
Juares Ogliari Instituto Federal Fluminense
Glauco Vieira Miranda Universidade Federal de Viçosa
Lucas Felisberto Pereira Universidade Federal de Viçosa

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5935/1809-2667.20130017

Keywords:

Water deficit, Chlorophyll fluorescence, Sorghum bicolor L., Gas exchange

Abstract

Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.)Moench] is an African species belonging to the same family of maize. Saccharine-type sorghum is used as raw material for bioenergy (ethanol), and has high water-use efficiency. This study aimed to characterize sweet sorghum cultivars regarding physiological characteristics at different levels of irrigation. Four cultivars tolerant to drought were evaluated: Rio, Ramada, BRS 501, and BRS 506. Treatments consisted of three water availabilities: 80%, 60%, and 40% of field capacity. The study evaluated the stomatal conductance (gs), the net photosynthetic rate (A), leaf transpiration (T), and intrinsic water-use efficiency (EIUA, A/gs). It also determined the optimal quantum efficiency (Fv/Fm) of photosystem II (PSII), the quantum yield of photochemical processes in the basal PSII (Fo/Fm), and in PSII photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fo). The availability of water caused no change (P > 0,05) in transpiration in the Ramada and BRS 501 cultivars, but affected (P < 0,05) the Rio and BRS 506 cultivars, which responded positively to increased irrigation. A similar result occurred with photosynthesis, in which case the different levels of water availability had a positive influence only in the BRS 506 and Rio cultivars. The increase in irrigation resulted in an increase (P < 0,05) in stomatal conductance of the evaluated cultivars. The results of chlorophyll fluorescence showed the superiority of BRS 506, Rio, and Ramada with higher values (P < 0,05) of Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo. The different levels of water availability and cultivars did not promote (P > 0,05) change in EIUA. This methodology, common in other crops, can be used for saccharine-type sorghum in order to establish water availability in new experiments aiming at discriminating drought-tolerant cultivars.

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Author Biographies

Luciano Rezende Moreira, Instituto Federal Fluminense

Doutor em Fitotecnia (UFV). Professor do Instituto Federal Fluminense, câmpus Bom Jesus do Itabapoana/RJ - Brasil. E-mail: lmoreira@iff.edu.br.
Jardélcio Damião Carvalho Ervilha

Bolsista de Iniciação Científica (PIBIC). Graduando em agronomia Instituto Federal Fluminense, câmpus Bom Jesus do Itabapoana/RJ - Brasil. E-mail: jardelcioervilha@gmail.com.
Paulo Henrique Coutinho

Mestrando em Fitotecnia (UFV) – Viçosa/MG - Brasil. E-mail: coutinhoph@gmail.com.
Juliana Gonçalves Vidigal, Instituto Federal Fluminense

Professora Doutora do Instituto Federal Fluminense, câmpus Bom Jesus do Itabapoana/RJ - Brasil. E-mail: jvidigal@iff.edu.br.
Juares Ogliari, Instituto Federal Fluminense

Professor Doutor do Instituto Federal Fluminense, câmpus Bom Jesus do Itabapoana/RJ - Brasil. E-mail: jogliari@hotmail.com.
Glauco Vieira Miranda, Universidade Federal de Viçosa

Professor Doutor da Universidade Federal de Viçosa/MG - Brasil. E-mail: glaucovmiranda@gmail.com.
Lucas Felisberto Pereira, Universidade Federal de Viçosa

Estudante de Agronomia da Universidade Federal de Viçosa/MG - Brasil. E-mail: lucas.felisberto@ufv.br.

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